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標題: Out of the Blue: Islands Seen From Space [打印本頁]

作者: bchew    時間: 2009-12-22 09:10 AM     標題: Out of the Blue: Islands Seen From Space

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  z/ ~& H  @+ Y& J$ zIslands are some of the most beautiful, peaceful, violent, desolate and unique places on Earth. While experiencing a tropical island ; q$ ~. j) B% n; Y
from its sandy beaches, or a volcanic island from its towering peaks is wonderful, experiencing them from above can be inspiring as well.tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb& `# c) O! V* g& t
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We’ve collected images taken by astronauts and satellites from space of some of the most interesting islands on the planet.
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Atafu Atoll, Tokelau, Pacific Oceanwww.tvboxnow.com8 c2 e6 ^- @* G1 f" \
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Around 500 people live on Atafu Atoll, mostly in a village that can be seen on the corner in the left of the image above. Atafu is just five 8 @  j0 t4 S0 g; y5 G9 j8 |0 G9 K
miles wide and is the smallest of three atolls in the Tokelau Islands, a New Zealand territory.
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Atafu is made up of coral reefs that surrounded the flanks of a volcano that has since become inactive and submerged. Like many tropical TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。2 h  z8 K# T( n  {* X$ b' X
atolls, Atafu is very low lying and vulnerable to sea-level rise. This photograph was taken by astronauts aboard the International Space Station in January.www.tvboxnow.com) q. v" R% E% `- H; K- c2 m  V
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Onekotan Island, Russia
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% U4 u. f: X# Dtvb now,tvbnow,bttvbAn island within an island was created after a big eruption around 9,000 years ago caused the peak of Onekotan’s volcano to collapse, forming
# Z0 z6 a6 F" M* U- s$ Ftvb now,tvbnow,bttvba caldera that subsequently filled with water. The island inside the caldera is known as Krenitzyn Peak, which is the highest point on the
1 c) P; i, p' Ktvb now,tvbnow,bttvbisland at around 4,300 feet.
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Onekotan is in Russia’s Kuril Islands between Japan and the tip of the Kamchatka Peninsula. The islands were formed by volcanic activity
% U" ]8 K4 U* u0 c# a% lcaused by the subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate. Subduction can also generate some of the largest earthquakes 公仔箱論壇) X, M" I5 O# ~0 C" ~" V; c$ A
on Earth, including a magnitude 9 here in 1952 which was followed a week later by Krenitzyn’s only historical eruption. This image was TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。! K$ D, J  u+ Q3 [. Q
captured by the Advanced Land Imager (ALI) on NASA’s Earth Observing-1 (EO-1) satellite on June 10, 2009.
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Galapagos Islands, Pacific Ocean
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5 T  }2 Y( T+ G! b! E* ~# @! QThe Galapagos Islands are the tops of volcanoes on the sea floor off the coast of South America along the equator. The volcanic activity # t0 g' T) g" r! I+ a
that formed the islands is thought to be the result of a plume of hot mantle material rising from deep in the Earth’s interior.4 J: i$ v: T3 Y) E

* ]5 m/ r! U) i) f% C1 E* X公仔箱論壇The largest island, Isla Isabela, is made of the lava flows of six gently sloped shield volcanoes. The northernmost of Isabela’s volcanoes,
& Z  r. F3 A) Q4 m! p; S9 h! a" W; mwww.tvboxnow.comat the top of the image above, is Wolf Volcano, which has erupted at least nine times since 1797. This image was taken by the Landsat tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb/ ?: c5 d2 m, i+ L9 a  F+ Y# x2 v
7 satellite in 2001.TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。4 c  W+ A$ P/ g  s
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* e$ d  z, T+ N: j0 O公仔箱論壇Maldives, Indian Oceanwww.tvboxnow.com' L, Q7 c* V9 N. z

" _5 d1 v) R. _3 _3 @tvb now,tvbnow,bttvbThe Maldives comprise 1,192 small coral islands adding up to just 115 square miles of territory. About 330,00 people live on the islands,
* Q- s( P$ z6 M1 jthe average elevation of which is a little more than 3 feet. It is probably the lowest country in the world.tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb& N, T7 d  P( l: t) \

' r+ o2 `" S8 ^( P; d: tThis image of the North and South Malosmadulu Atolls was taken in 2002 by the ASTER instrument aboard NASA’s Terra satellite.
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Henrietta Island, East Siberian Seawww.tvboxnow.com1 S6 _, }& a0 ^' S5 q( x
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This glacier-covered Russian island is just 6 miles wide. Beneath the ice, the island is made up of 500-million-year-old volcanic rocks overlain by
7 l+ ?& g( x2 N5 L5 M# gtvb now,tvbnow,bttvbyounger sedimentary rocks. This image was taken by the Advanced Land Imager (ALI) on NASA’s Earth Observing-1 satellite on April 30, 2009.
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$ S) [6 H8 g3 {6 U# Ptvb now,tvbnow,bttvbEleuthera Island, Bahamas
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The spectacular underwater formations to the west of Eleuthera Island are made of calcium carbonate sand that has been eroded off www.tvboxnow.com: r& B% P; ?/ l  j5 E. @
of coral reefs and deposited in dunes by ocean currents.
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This 2002 image was captured by astronauts aboard the International Space Station. Located in the middle of the Bahamas, Eleuthra Islandtvb now,tvbnow,bttvb" `6 V0 u( t" T& z( Y( ^8 B
is 110 miles long, and in places just over a mile wide. Around 8,000 people live there.
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Augustine Volcano, AlaskaTVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。3 m2 w3 c$ K+ t8 R( B0 ~7 f) y
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The most active volcano in Alaska’s Aleutian arc, Augustine Volcano’s biggest historical eruption occurred in 1883. It has been erupting for
( [/ b) D! E: l, }* C9 c  mwww.tvboxnow.com40,000 years. This image, captured by The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer on NASA ’s Terra satellite 3 ?/ f. {2 M- ?7 k4 H9 T. B& O
in April 2006, shows a steam or ash plume at the tail end of several months of explosive eruptions.
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1 C, _0 y" P1 Q/ K# @公仔箱論壇Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesiatvb now,tvbnow,bttvb. i- D( e. V, V! N
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The three largest islands in this image, and many smaller ones, make up Indonesia’s Komodo National Park which was established in 1980 to protect
# A( T7 e/ T+ S' pwww.tvboxnow.comthe world’s largest lizard species, Komodo dragon. The total area of the park is 230 square miles. The islands are volcanoes caused by the collision tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb2 b. L1 T- @9 v' P9 ?
of two tectonic plates. This image was captured by the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer on NASA’s Terra satellite in 2000.tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb* m# }1 m" R7 i" q9 d& L

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Hawaiian Islands, Pacific Ocean( S2 j  x9 ]. A6 n% j8 E7 L
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The Hawaiian Islands were formed by an upwelling plume of hot mantle material, called a hotspot. As the Pacific plate moved over the hotspot, it 公仔箱論壇# p- q7 W: p2 a; m5 s' }% l
formed a chain of islands that first grew larger as they actively erupted, and then slowly eroded and sank below the surface of the ocean as the
3 d& U2 k7 v0 i$ V公仔箱論壇crust beneath them cooled.TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。; f+ d/ z9 j$ S' m& s$ E* N

" o- v5 x* y  j+ otvb now,tvbnow,bttvbToday, the hotspot is causing active volcanism on the Big Island of Hawaii. Kilauea Volcano has been erupting continuously since 1983. The rest
! W% D& f. q8 p8 {5 b" X公仔箱論壇of the islands, which get older from right to left, are Maui, Kahoolawe, Lanai, Molokai, Oahu, Kauai and Niihau. This image was captured by the
) p5 y0 ^8 j0 ^3 J7 k3 q) Z; qTVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。MODIS instrument aboard NASA’s Terra satellite.Hawaiian Islands, Pacific Ocean
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# a5 X1 P; B! z; @+ GTVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。The Hawaiian Islands were formed by an upwelling plume of hot mantle material, called a hotspot. As the Pacific plate moved over the hotspot,
, {, |. T5 N" m& W4 K9 G: vit formed a chain of islands that first grew larger as they actively erupted, and then slowly eroded and sank below the surface of the ocean as
; x* S1 n9 b# n. i" o7 Uthe crust beneath them cooled.
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Today, the hotspot is causing active volcanism on the Big Island of Hawaii. Kilauea Volcano has been erupting continuously since 1983. The 公仔箱論壇* \( M' p3 q& x0 s* n
rest of the islands, which get older from right to left, are Maui, Kahoolawe, Lanai, Molokai, Oahu, Kauai and Niihau. This image was captured
* B1 c) ~) V" O# [  l公仔箱論壇by the MODIS instrument aboard NASA’s Terra satellite.
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3 C! t. v; y* J# ITVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。
/ g( I, o* k! b0 QTVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。Alejandro Selkirk Island, South Pacific Ocean
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: Z% m4 p2 f1 p( l9 S( u- etvb now,tvbnow,bttvbThis small member of the Juan Fernandez Islands off the coast of Chile measures just under a mile across. But its 5,000 feet of elevation is high enough TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。" K5 ?3 Q  h  a1 w* [+ {
to reach the layer of stratocumulus clouds pictured above. The result is a type of flow known as a von Karmen vortex street. This striking, curly
) U3 l: m- @/ [tvb now,tvbnow,bttvbpattern of eddies can also be seen in clouds, and fluids or air moving past rounded objects such as an airplane wing. This image was taken www.tvboxnow.com/ t- ~4 T2 x$ S9 e1 y! E( o% I
by the Landsat 7 satellite in 1999.TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。8 }7 c4 Z' I6 l# k) |

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Millennium Island, Republic of Kiribati, South Pacific OceanTVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。' z$ b5 ^2 K. b# _$ D( ]& o

# R4 o# L' o- l& f" @6 J) c$ sAlso known as Caroline Island, Millennium Island is made of coral reefs that grew around a volcano, which is now underwater, leaving behind a 公仔箱論壇4 n3 O8 z# j* N1 f/ `# Y3 B
central lagoon. The maximum elevation of the island is less than 20 feet above sea level. In the past, the island has been inhabited and mined
% O. q2 I2 ^) `: i0 zwww.tvboxnow.comfor guano, though today there are no people and it is among the world’s most pristine tropical islands. This image was taken by astronauts 9 u8 E. u6 T, I- {
aboard the International Space Station on July 1, 2009.


作者: k23bb    時間: 2009-12-23 01:06 AM

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